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太美了！古文里的高級審美詞匯，怎樣翻譯成英文？

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讀到一篇佳作、看到一幅好畫，想要贊嘆，卻詞窮了……
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太美了！古文里的高級審美詞匯，怎樣翻譯成英文？

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洗煉 Terseness / Make Writing Succinct
精簡詞句，提煉要義 。洗煉是一種文字干凈、主旨鮮明的文學風格 。
This term means that wording should be refined to highlight the essential message. Terseness is a mark of neat and thematically explicit writing.
▌引例
不洗不凈，不煉不純 。惟陳言之務去，獨戛戛乎生新 。（孫聯奎《詩品臆說》）
Nothing will be clean until it is cleansed. Nothing will be pure until it is refined. Only by ridding ourselves of any banality, can we become truly original.
雄渾 Powerfulness
指雄健有力、渾厚自然的藝術風格與審美氣象 。
This term, which literally means power and splendor, refers to a natural and powerful artistic style and aesthetic taste.
▌引例
大力無敵為雄，元氣未分為渾 。（楊廷芝《 淺解》） 二十四詩品>
Powerfulness means invincible power and indivisible mass of vital energy.
純素 Pure and Unadorned
純粹而素樸 。指純然素樸、不加人工雕飾的本色之美 。
This term refers to natural, unadorned beauty.
▌引例
純素之道，惟神是守 。守而勿失，與神為一 。（《莊子·刻意》）
Within spiritual being lies the value of pure simplicity. If you retain your spirit without fail, you became one with it.
隱秀 Latent Sentiment and Evident Beauty
詩歌與文章既隱含豐富的思想感情，又有秀美的名言佳句 。
This term means that prose and poetry may contain latent sentiments and thoughts, as well as expressions and sentences that present an apparent sense of beauty.
▌引例
情在詞外曰隱，狀溢目前曰秀 。（張戒《歲寒堂詩話》卷上引劉勰語）
Latency happens when feelings and thoughts are hidden between the lines of a literary work. Evident beauty occurs when messages of sentiment and feelings are vividly portrayed by the images the author creates.
飄逸 Natural Grace
指詩歌作品中所表現出的逍遙自適、超凡脫俗、無拘無束的審美情趣和藝術風格 。
Natural Grace refers to free and unconstrained aesthetic style and artistic appeal in poetic works.
▌引例
子美不能為太白之飄逸，太白不能為子美之沉郁 。（嚴羽《滄浪詩話·詩評》）
Du Fu could not write as freely and unconstrained as Li Bai, while the latter did not possess the style of melancholy and profoundness typical of Du Fu’s poems.
空靈 Ethereal Effect
空靈用筆洗練，重在傳達神韻，具有空靈特點的作品澄澈透明、飄逸靈動，能使人體悟到自由超脫的審美愉悅 。
The notion of ethereal effect values simple layout and economical use of details, seeking to convey character and imagination. Works that make use of ethereal effect convey a wonderful lucidity, and possess openness, freedom, and natural grace. Such works enable viewers to appreciate the aesthetic joy of free imagination.
▌引例
古人用筆極塞實處愈見空靈，今人布置一角已見繁縟 。（惲格《南田畫跋·題畫》）
When painting, classical artists made use of ethereal effect all the more where a dense collection of objects normally was required. However today’s artists no sooner begin to paint than they fill the space with elaborate details.
枯淡 Dry Plainness
指詩文作品所呈現的質樸干枯、平和清淡的藝術風格 。
This refers to a literary style that appears plain and dry, mild and moderate.
枯淡不是枯澀寡味、平庸淺薄，而是指外表看似干枯平淡、內里豐腴醇厚的一種表現手法，旨在用質樸平淡的語言和描寫來表現豐富深刻的思想內容，創造出含蓄深邃、醇厚高遠的意境 。
▌引例
所貴乎枯淡者，謂其外枯而中膏，似淡而實美，淵明、子厚之流是也 。（蘇軾《評韓柳詩》）
I value the style of dry plainness because it looks withered and dry outside but is rich inside; it appears plain but is in fact beautiful. Poetry by such writers as Tao Yuanming and Liu Zongyuan is like this.
暢神 Free Flow of One's Mind
指精神與自然合一時所達到的自由舒暢的一種審美狀態 。
The term describes a state of mind one achieves when appreciating an artwork, in which process one's inner feelings interact freely and joyfully with nature.
▌引例
圣賢映于絕代，萬趣融其神思，余復何為哉？暢神而已 。（宗炳《畫山水序》）
As sages of remote past already discovered the philosophical wisdom inherent in nature through imagination and contemplation, what more do I need to do now? All I have to do is relishing the joy when my mind interacts freely with the depicted landscape.
高古 Unadorned Antiquity
高遠古樸，高雅簡古 。用于文藝批評，主要指文藝作品中所體現出的意蘊高遠古樸、情志高雅，凝重而又深具歷史感的藝術風格 。
This term describes the quality of loftiness or primitive simplicity, and is used primarily in literary criticism to refer to an ancient nobility, an aspiration or sentiment, or an artistic style of historical gravity.
它有時也指高人雅士獨具的一種人格境界 。
This term is also used to refer to an elevated state of being attained by noble-minded persons.
▌引例
漢人詩文，存于今者，無不高古渾樸 。（章學誠《文史通義·內篇五·婦學篇書后》）
Prose and poetry by Han Dynasty authors, so long as they have survived to this day, all show a lofty adherence to an unadorned antiquity and a charming rusticity.
氣象 Prevailing Features
原是自然界中景色物候的總稱，也指某個時期社會的總體精神風貌 。
Qixiang (氣象), originally a term about the general state of scenery and physical objects in nature, also refers to the prevailing features of a society in a given period of time.
具體到藝術領域，指藝術作品所呈現出的風格與氣概，內涵偏重于宏偉壯大，多用“雄渾”（heroic）“渾厚”（immense）“崢嶸”（sublime）等來修飾 。
▌引例
盛唐諸公之詩，如顏魯公書，既筆力雄壯，又氣象渾厚 。（嚴羽《答出繼叔臨安吳景仙書》）
Works of many poets during the prime of the Tang Dynasty struck readers with their powerful expression, just like the calligraphy of Yan Zhenqing.
（來源：中華思想文化術語、中國日報雙語新聞微信 編輯：左卓、丹妮）
【太美了！古文里的高級審美詞匯，怎樣翻譯成英文？】來源：中國日報雙語新聞微信

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